Which of the following actions can constitute sexual harassment?

The inclusion of sexually explicit pictures or words clearly falls under the definition of sexual harassment, as it creates a hostile or intimidating environment for the recipient. Sexual harassment involves unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature. This type of behavior can have a profound impact on the work environment, as it not only disrespects the boundaries of individuals but can also lead to significant emotional distress.

In contrast, the other options typically involve professional or neutral interactions that do not carry sexual implications. For instance, jokes that are not sexual in nature, compliments about work performance, and conducting performance reviews are generally considered acceptable in a workplace context and do not meet the criteria for harassment unless they are presented in an inappropriate or unwanted manner. Thus, only the inclusion of sexually explicit content directly aligns with the definition of sexual harassment.