What type of search requires special legal justification and is to be conducted only by medical personnel?

A body cavity search is a type of search that involves the examination of an individual's body cavities, such as the rectum or vagina, and requires special legal justification due to the invasive nature of the procedure. These searches are considered to have significant privacy implications and must be conducted in a manner that respects the dignity of the individual while ensuring compliance with legal standards.

Medical personnel are specifically trained to carry out such searches with an understanding of the associated medical and legal protocols, ensuring that the search is conducted safely and respectfully. In contrast, the other types of searches mentioned do not require the same level of medical intervention or legal justification. Pat-down searches, strip searches, and visual searches can often be conducted by law enforcement personnel without the need for additional medical oversight or justification, making them less invasive and subject to different legal standards.