The process by which the Supreme Court examines the actions of governments to rule on their constitutionality is known as what?

Judicial review is the term that accurately describes the process by which the Supreme Court examines the actions of governments to determine their constitutionality. This vital function allows the judiciary to ensure that legislative and executive actions comply with the Constitution. Through judicial review, the Supreme Court can invalidate laws or actions that it finds in conflict with constitutional principles, thereby upholding the rule of law and protecting individual rights.

Other options like legislative oversight refer to the ability of the legislative branch to supervise and review the activities of the executive branch. Constitutional amendment involves revising the Constitution itself, rather than interpreting its existing provisions. Legal interpretation generally pertains to how courts understand and apply legal statutes, but it doesn't specifically address the overarching authority of the Supreme Court to review the constitutionality of government actions.